Monday 16 November 2015

19th MAY 1910 - 15th NOV 1949 NATHURAM VINAYAK GODSE - MAHATMA`S ASSASSIN

Nathuram Godse

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Nathuram Vinayak Godse
Nathuram godse.jpg
Nathuram Godse at his trial for the murder of Mahatma Gandhi
Born19 May 1910
Baramati, Pune District, Bombay Presidency, British India
(now in Maharashtra, India)
Died15 November 1949 (aged 39)
Ambala Prison, East Punjab, India
(now in Haryana, India)
Cause of deathExecution by hanging
NationalityIndian
Criminal chargeAssassination of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
Nathuram Vinayak Godse (19 May 1910 – 15 November 1949) was a Hindu nationalist activist from India, who is known for the assassination of Mahatma Gandhi. He shot Gandhi in the chest three times at point-blank range on 30 January 1948 in New Delhi. Born in Pune, Maharashtra, he had been a member of Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) and Hindu Mahasabha. According to Vinayak Chaturvedi and Thomas Hansen, Nathuram left RSS in the early 1940s to form a militant organization Hindu Rashtra Dal.[1][2] However Gopal Godse, Nathuram's brother who was also a co-accused in the Gandhi assassination, has asserted that Nathuram continued to be a member of the RSS.[3] Nathuram resented Gandhi's accommodating attitude to India's Muslims and plotted the assassination with Narayan Apte and six others. After a trial that lasted over a year, Godse was sentenced to death on 8 November 1949 and was hanged a week later.

Early life

Nathuram Vinayakrao Godse was born, at the nativity mission center, Pune District. His father, Vinayak Vamanrao Godse, was a post office employee and his mother was Lakshmi (née Godavari). At birth, he was named Ramachandra.[4] Nathuram was given his name because of an unfortunate incident. Before he was born, his parents had three sons and a daughter, with all three boys dying in their infancy. Fearing a curse that targeted male children, young Ramachandra was brought up as a girl for the first few years of his life, including having his nose pierced and being made to wear a nose-ring (nath in Marathi). It was then that he earned the nickname "Nathuram" (literally "Ram with a nose-ring"). After his younger brother was born, they switched to treating him as a boy.[5]
Godse attended the local school at Baramati through the fifth standard, after which he was sent to live with an aunt in Pune so that he could study at an English-language school. During his school days, he highly respected Gandhi.[6] In 1930, Nathuram's father was transferred to the town of Ratnagiri, Maharashtra.

Political career

Group photo of people accused in the murder of Mohandas Gandhi.Standing (L to R): Shankar Kistaiya,Gopal Godse, Madan Lal Pahwa,Digambar Ramchandra Badge.Seated (L to R): Narayan Apte,Vinayak D. Savarkar, Nathuram Godse, Vishnu Karkare
Godse dropped out of high school and became an activist with Hindu nationalist organizations Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) and Hindu Mahasabha, although there have been doubts about the exact years of his membership.[7][8] The Hindu Mahasabha had at one time backed Gandhi's campaigns of civil disobedience against the British government but stayed away from the Quit India Movement in the 1940s. Both the organisations were opposed to the separatist politics of the All India Muslim League.
Godse started a Marathi newspaper for the Hindu Mahasabha called Agrani, which some years later was renamed Hindu Rashtra. Godse rejected Gandhi's philosophy, believing Gandhi repeatedly sabotaged the interests of Hindus by using the "fasting unto death" tactic on many issues. In Godse's view, Gandhi was giving in to Muslim interests in ways that seemed unfair and anti-national.[9][10]

Assassination of Mahatma Gandhi

Main article: Assassination of Mahatma Gandhi
Godse approached Gandhi on January 30, 1948 during the evening prayer at 5:17 PM. When Godse bowed, one of the girls flanking and supporting Gandhi, said to Godse, "Brother, Bapu is already late" and tried to put him off, but he pushed her aside and shot Gandhi in the chest three times at point-blank range with a Beretta M 1934 semi-automatic pistol. Gandhi was taken to Birla House, where he later died.[11]

Trial and execution

Following the assassination of Gandhi, Godse was put on trial at Peterhoff, Shimla which housed the Punjab High Court. On November 8, 1949, he was sentenced to death. Among those calling for commutation of the death sentence for the defendants were Jawaharlal Nehru, as well as two of Gandhi's sons, who felt that executing their father's killer would dishonor his memory and legacy which included a staunch opposition to the death penalty. Godse was hanged at Ambala Jail on November 15, 1949,[12] along with Narayan Apte, a co-conspirator. Savarkar was also charged with conspiracy in the assassination of Gandhi, but was acquitted and subsequently released.

Aftermath

Millions of Indians mourned Gandhi's assassination; the Hindu Mahasabha was vilified and the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh was temporarily banned. However, investigators could find no evidence that the RSS bureaucracy had formally sponsored or even knew of Godse's plot. The ban on the RSS was lifted in 1949. To this day it denies any connection with Godse and disputes the claim that he was a member.[8] However, Godse's brother Gopal claims that all the Godse brothers were members of the RSS at the time of the assassination. According to Gopal Godse:
“All the brothers were in the RSS. Nathuram, Dattatreya, myself and Govind. You can say we grew up in the RSS rather than in our home. It was like a family to us. Nathuram had become a baudhik karyavah [intellectual worker] in the RSS. He has said in his statement that he left the RSS. He said it because Golwalkar and the RSS were in a lot of trouble after the murder of Gandhi. But he did not leave the RSS.”[3]

Attempts at rehabilitation

In 2014, following the Bharatiya Janata Party's rise to power, the Hindu Mahasabha has begun to make various attempts to rehabilitate Godse and portray him as a patriot. It has requested the Prime Minister Narendra Modi to install the bust of Godse. It has created a documentary film Desh Bhakt Nathuram Godse (Patriot Nathuram Godse) for release on the death anniversary of Gandhi on 30 January 2015.[13] There are also attempts to build a temple for Godse and to celebrate 30 January as a Shaurya Diwas ("Bravery Day").[14] A civil suit has been filed in Pune Court asking for a ban on the documentary film.[15]

Wrong Target

According to an article published in October 2014, in a journal of the Kerala unit of the RSS, Godse had erred in targeting Gandhi. The article implies that Nehru should have been Godse's target instead of Gandhi. According to the article:
Actually, Nehru was responsible for the Partition and all other tragedies including Gandhi’s assassination. On the basis of an honest perusal of historical records and Godse’s arguments, it will hardly be possible to rebuff students of history if they were to evaluate that Nathuram Vinayak Godse had erred in his aim.
The Kerala Home Minister had asked the police to initiate appropriate legal action in this connection.[3]The editor of the RSS journal had stated that he stands by the article.[16]However, the RSS later condemned and disowned the article and claimed the views expressed in the article were solely those of the writer.[17]

In art

  • The actor Horst Buchholz portrayed Nathuram Godse in the 1963 film Nine Hours to Rama.
  • In the 1982 film Gandhi, the actor Harsh Nayyar portrayed Godse.
  • The Marathi language play Me Nathuram Godse Boltoy ("This is Nathuram Godse Speaking"), first staged in 1997, was produced from Godse's point of view.[18]
  • The film Hey Ram, made in 2000, also briefly touches upon events related to the assassination.
  • Gandhi Vadh aur Main (Gandhi Hatya Aani Me), by Gopal Godse (1967)[19][20]
  • May It Please Your Honor, published by Surya Bharti, India, (2003) - the play based upon the book was banned[21]
  • Why I Assassinated Mahatma Gandhi, published by Surya Bharti (1993)[citation needed]
  • Nine Hours to Rama, Stanley A. Wolpert (1962)[22]

September 09, 2012

Who Killed Mahatma Gandhi Full Story


Who Killed Mahatma Gandhi full story

                              

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (often called Mahatma Gandhi) was assassinated on 30 January 1948, shot at point-blank range by Nathuram Godse. Prior to his death, there had been five unsuccessful attempts to kill Gandhi, the first occurring in 1934. Gandhi was outside on the steps of a building where a prayer meeting was going to take place. He was surrounded by a part of his family and some followers when three gunshots killed

After a previous failed attempt to assassinate Gandhi at the Birla House, Nathuram Godse and Narayan Apte returned to Pune via Mumbai (Bombay). With the help of Dr. Dattatraya Parchure and Gangadhar Dandavate, Nathuram Godse and Narayan Apte purchased a Berettaand reached Delhi on 29 January 1948, checking into the retiring room No. 6 at Delhi Railway Station.

Godse killed Gandhi on January 30, 1948. He approached Gandhi on the way to a prayer meeting and bowed. A girl accompanying Gandhi told Godse, "Brother, Bapu is already late" and tried to put him off, but Godse pushed her aside and shot Gandhi three times at point-blank range in the chest with a .38 Beretta semi-automatic pistol.


Gandhi's last words

The First Information Report (FIR) filed by Shri Nand Lal Mehta shows that the last words of Gandhi were Hey Raam. There has been no explanation of why he was not rushed to the hospital and was instead taken to Birla House, where he later died.
The last words uttered by Mohandas Gandhi have been a matter of debate. Venkita Kalyanam, former personal assistant to Gandhi, said that he was present at the spot and that Gandhi said "God oh!" However, "Hey-Raam" clearly translates into "God oh!", Ram being one of the Hindu Gods.

Violence against Brahmins

The Maharashtrian Brahmin community was specifically targeted after it was known that the majority of the assassins were Chitpavan Brahmins. Many innocent Brahmins had faced the problems during this assassination in the Maharashtra state.

Ban on R.S.S.

Political organizations—Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh and Hindu Mahasabha—with which the assassins were associated were banned by the government of India. RSS role was not evidently proved yet.[4] Commenting on the role of these organisations, Sardar Patel noted:
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        Nathuram Godse
        Political activist
        Nathuram Vinayak Godse was a Hindu nationalist activist from India, who is known for the assassination of Mahatma Gandhi. He shot Gandhi in the chest three times at point-blank range on 30 January 1948 in New Delhi. Wikipedia
        Born: May 19, 1910, Baramati
        Died: November 15, 1949, Ambala
        Full name: Ramachandra
        Criminal charge: Assassination of Mahatma Gandhi
        Siblings: Gopal Godse
        Parents: Lakshmi, Vinayak Vamanrao Godse
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